{"id":982,"date":"2025-06-25T04:05:56","date_gmt":"2025-06-25T04:05:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/eurosoi.org\/?p=982"},"modified":"2025-06-25T04:05:56","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T04:05:56","slug":"this-finding-supports-the-cdc-recommendation-that-all-eligible-persons-be-offered-covid-19-vaccination-regardless-of-previous-sars-cov-2-infection-status","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eurosoi.org\/?p=982","title":{"rendered":"\ufeffThis finding supports the CDC recommendation that all eligible persons be offered COVID-19 vaccination, regardless of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection status"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\ufeffThis finding supports the CDC recommendation that all eligible persons be offered COVID-19 vaccination, regardless of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection status. [3] immunity and its high effectiveness has been shown in different contexts and populations [49]. Knowing the duration and extent of the protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals who have recovered from COVID-19 or have received the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is Leuprolide Acetate critical to determine the future dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 circulation and have direct impacts on non-pharmaceutical interventions, public health control measures and vaccination strategies. These pieces of information, however, are still <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adooq.com\/leuprolide-acetate.html\">Leuprolide Acetate<\/a> an open issue. == Study design == We performed systematic sanitary surveillance of the personnel working at the European Institute of Oncology (IEO), a large comprehensive cancer center in Milan, Northern Italy. Starting from April 2020, all workers, including health-care, support staff, administrative and research personnel, were Leuprolide Acetate tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection by quantitative PCR (qPCR) detection of viral genes, using the Allplex SARS-CoV-2 Assay (Seegene) on nasopharyngeal or saliva samples. In order to compare the performance of saliva samples and nasopharyngeal swabs with our molecular assay for detection for SARS-CoV-2: i) we analyzed 9 saliva samples collected from symptomatic COVID-19 patients, positive for nasopharyngeal swab. All saliva samples (9\/9, 100%) confirmed the positivity for SARS-CoV-2 (data not shown); ii) we collected and analyzed in parallel 47 saliva samples and nasopharyngeal swabs from individuals participating in our study. We obtained concordant results for 96% (45\/47) of samples. Only 2 samples positive on nasopharyngeal swab for only the N viral gene with Ct cycles>37 scored negative on saliva (data not Leuprolide Acetate shown). All other positive cases gave highly comparable results, in term of Ct amplification, on both specimens. Based on these results and published data, which showed that saliva can be successfully employed for SARS-CoV-2 detection by molecular assays with similar or higher sensitivity compared to the same assays applied on nasopharyngeal swabs [1013], we consider both specimens equivalent for our purposes and discuss them indistinctly throughout our manuscript. Humoral immunity was measured by testing levels of IgGs against the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein using an in-house ELISA assay [14]. Our assay showed high sensitivity (95.2%) and specificity (97.6%), that allowed monitoring IgG levels over time in healthy people as well as in COVID-19 patients with accuracy and reproducibility (seeMaterials and Methodsfor details and [14]). 1,493 participants were initially enrolled into the study starting from April 2020 and monitored before the vaccination campaign, which started on January 7th, 2021. 2,029 individuals, including the first cohort, were then vaccinated and monitored until June 2021 (characteristics of our study cohorts are reported in S1 Table ofS1 File; timing of tests is described in Materials and Methods, Procedures section, and S1 Fig inS1 File). == Materials and methods == The institutional review board of the European Institute of Oncology approved the study (IEO 1271). Written informed consent was obtained from the participants. == Study design and participants == SOS-COV2 is a prospective cohort study including staff working at the European Institute of Oncology in Milan, Italy. All health-care workers, support staff, and administrative staff <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?db=gene&#038;cmd=Retrieve&#038;dopt=full_report&#038;list_uids=15395\">Hoxa10<\/a> working at hospital sites, who could provide written informed consent to participate in the study and anticipated remaining engaged in follow-up for 12 months, were eligible. Participants were excluded from this analysis if they did not participate to the screening after enrolment. Recruitment began in May 2020. Ethical approval was granted by the IEO ethical committee (IEO 1271). == Statistical methods == We investigated the rate of infection\/reinfection by positive status at baseline in the four groups identified by PCR and IgG (PCR- IgG-; PCR+ IgG+; PCR+ IgG-; PCR-IgG+, S2 Fig inS1 File). We collected information also on the values of Ct of genes for positive PCR and we did a further analysis including only reinfections with at least two positive genes. Participants reporting Leuprolide Acetate cough, fever, anosmia, or dysgeusia were defined as having COVID-19 symptoms. We did univariate (Chi-square, Fisher exact tests and Wilcoxon rank tests) and multivariable logistic regression analyses to estimate Odds Ratios (ORs) to measure the association between the exposure (positive status at baseline) and infection\/reinfection adjusting for significant confounders in order to identify independents factors.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ufeffThis finding supports the CDC recommendation that all eligible persons be offered COVID-19 vaccination, regardless of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection status. [3] immunity and its high effectiveness has been shown in different contexts and populations [49]. Knowing the duration and extent of the protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals who have <a href=\"https:\/\/eurosoi.org\/?p=982\" class=\"btn btn-link continue-link\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-982","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mammalian-target-of-rapamycin"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\ufeffThis finding supports the CDC recommendation that all eligible persons be offered COVID-19 vaccination, regardless of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection status - JAK2 inhibitor against human prostate cancer cells<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/eurosoi.org\/?p=982\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ufeffThis finding supports the CDC recommendation that all eligible persons be offered COVID-19 vaccination, regardless of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection status - JAK2 inhibitor against human prostate cancer cells\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\ufeffThis finding supports the CDC recommendation that all eligible persons be offered COVID-19 vaccination, regardless of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection status. 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[3] immunity and its high effectiveness has been shown in different contexts and populations [49]. 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